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    Topic: Electron Dot Diagrams (Lewis Structures)

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    Electron Dot Diagrams (Lewis Structures)
    1

    Which part of a calcium atom in the ground state is represented by the dots in its Lewis electron- dot diagram?

    (1) the electrons in the first shell

    (2) the electrons in the fourth shell

    (3) the protons in the nucleus

    (4) the neutrons in the nucleus

    2

    Which Lewis electron-dot diagram represents the bonding in potassium iodide?

    (1) electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem82017-exam_g048m1.png

    (2) electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem82017-exam_g048m2.png

    (3) electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem82017-exam_g048m3.png

    (4) electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem82017-exam_g048m4.png

    3

    Which Lewis electron-dot diagram represents a fluoride ion?

    (1) electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem62015-exam_g3.png

    (2) electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem62015-exam_g4.png

    (3) electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem62015-exam_g5.png

    (4) electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem62015-exam_g6.png

    Base your answers to questions 4 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

    Solid sodium chloride, also known as table salt, can be obtained by the solar evaporation of seawater and from underground mining. Liquid sodium chloride can be decomposed by electrolysis to produce liquid sodium and chlorine gas, as represented by the equation below.

    2NaCl(ℓ) → 2Na(ℓ) + Cl2(g)

    4

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram of a Cl2 molecule.

    Allow 1 credit.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem82019-rg_g5.png

    Base your answers to questions 5 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

    The formulas and names of four chloride compounds are shown in the table below.

    octet-rule fig: chem12019-exam_g11.png

    5

    In the space in your answer booklet, draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule of HCl.

    Allow 1 credit.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem12019-rg_g1.png

    6

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule of H2O.

    Allow 1 credit.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem82018-rg_g4.png

    7

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule of hydrogen fluoride, HF.

    Allow 1 credit.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem12018-rg_g1.png

    Base your answers to questions 8 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

    The equation below represents a chemical reaction at 1 atm and 298 K.

    2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)

    8

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a water molecule.

    Allow 1 credit.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem62017-rg_g1.png

    Base your answers to questions 9 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

    The radius of a lithium atom is 130. picometers, and the radius of a fluorine atom is 60. picometers. The radius of a lithium ion, Li+, is 59 picometers, and the radius of a fluoride ion, F−, is 133 picometers.

    9

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a fluoride ion.

    Allow 1 credit. The positions of the dots may vary.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem82016-rg_g1rd050.png

    10

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a chloride ion, Cl−.

    Allow 1 credit. The position of electrons may vary.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem62016-rg_g1.png

    Base your answers to questions 11 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

    The Lewis electron-dot diagrams for three substances are shown below.

    electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem12016-exam_g7.png

    11

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule of Br2.

    Allow 1 credit. The positions of the electrons can vary.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem12016-rg_g2.png

    12

    A student drew the Lewis electron-dot diagram below to represent sodium chloride.

    electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem82015-exam_g6.png

    Explain why this diagram is not an accurate representation for the bonding in NaCl.

    Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

    • Ion charges are not shown.

    • No electron transfer is shown in the diagram.

    • The student’s diagram represents a molecular compound.

    Base your answers to questions 13 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

    The diagrams below represent ball-and-stick models of two molecules. In a ball-and-stick model, each ball represents an atom, and the sticks between balls represent chemical bonds.

    electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem12015-exam_g17.png

    13

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for an atom of the element present in all organic compounds.

    Allow 1 credit. The positions of the dots can vary.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem12015-rg_g2.png

    14

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule of bromomethane, CH3Br.

    Allow 1 credit. The position of the electrons can vary.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem62014-rg_g1.png

    Base your answers to questions 15 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.

    Silver-plated utensils were popular before stainless steel became widely used to make eating utensils. Silver tarnishes when it comes in contact with hydrogen sulfide, H2S, which is found in the air and in some foods. However, stainless steel does not tarnish when it comes in contact with hydrogen sulfide.

    15

    Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for the compound that tarnishes silver.

    Allow 1 credit. The position of electrons may vary.

    • Examples of 1-credit responses:

    • electron-dot-diagrams-(lewis-structures) fig: chem12014-rg_g4rd050.png