Topic: Properties In A Group
Properties In A Group
Which element has chemical properties that are most similar to potassium?
(1) calcium
(2) cesium
(3) nitrogen
(4) sulfur
In the ground state, all atoms of Group 15 elements have the same number of
(1) valence electrons
(2) electron shells
(3) neutrons
(4) protons
In which group on the Periodic Table would a nonmetallic element belong if atoms of this element tend to gain two electrons to complete their valence shell?
(1) 14
(2) 15
(3) 16
(4) 17
Which properties are characteristic of Group 2 elements at STP?
(1) good electrical conductivity and electro- negativities less than 1.7
(2) good electrical conductivity and electro- negativities greater than 1.7
(3) poor electrical conductivity and electro- negativities less than 1.7
(4) poor electrical conductivity and electro- negativities greater than 1.7
Which two elements have the most similar chemical properties?
(1) beryllium and magnesium
(2) hydrogen and helium
(3) phosphorus and sulfur
(4) potassium and strontium
In the formula XSO4, the symbol X could represent the element
(1) Al
(2) Ar
(3) Mg
(4) Na
Element X reacts with copper to form the compounds CuX and CuX2. In which group on the Periodic Table is element X found?
(1) Group 1
(2) Group 2
(3) Group 13
(4) Group 17
In the formula for the compound XCl4, the X could represent
(1) C
(2) H
(3) Mg
(4) Zn
Which elements have the most similar chemical properties?
(1) boron and carbon
(2) oxygen and sulfur
(3) aluminum and bromine
(4) argon and silicon
Which element has atoms that can form halide ions?
(1) iodine
(2) silver
(3) strontium
(4) xenon
Which elements have the most similar chemical properties?
(1) Si, As, and Te
(2) N2, O2, and F2
(3) Mg, Sr, and Ba
(4) Ca, Cs, and Cu
A thiol is very similar to an alcohol, but a thiol has a sulfur atom instead of an oxygen atom in the functional group. The equation below represents a reaction of methanethiol and iodine, producing dimethyl disulfide and hydrogen iodide.
Explain, in terms of electron configuration, why sulfur atoms and oxygen atoms form compounds with similar molecular structures.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
• Sulfur and oxygen atoms both have 6 valence electrons.
• Atoms of both elements need the same number of electrons to complete their outer shells.
In the late 1800s, Dmitri Mendeleev developed a periodic table of the elements known at that time. Based on the pattern in his periodic table, he was able to predict properties of some elements that had not yet been discovered. Information about two of these elements is shown in the table below.
Write a chemical formula for the compound formed between Ea and Cl.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
• EaCl3
• GaCl3
Three elements, represented by D, E, and Q, are located in Period 3. Some properties of these elements are listed in the table below. A student’s experimental result indicates that the density of element Q is 2.10 g/cm3, at room temperature and standard pressure.
Identify the group on the Periodic Table to which element D belongs.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
• Group 1
• alkali metals
The diagram below represents three elements in Group 13 and three elements in Period 3 and their relative positions on the Periodic Table.
Some elements in the solid phase exist in different forms that vary in their physical properties. For example, at room temperature, red phosphorus has a density of 2.16 g/cm3 and white phosphorus has a density of 1.823 g/cm3.
Identify one element from the diagram that will combine with phosphorus in the same ratio of atoms as the ratio in aluminum phosphide.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
• Ga
• indium
• element 31
• element 49