Biology Test Preparation Practice

    (Nysed) Sugar

    NGSS: HS-LS1-6

    Base your answers to questions 1 on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents a plant leaf cell and two different molecules used in the process of glucose synthesis.

    organization and patterns in Life, cell energetics, cellular respiration and APT fig: lenv12017-exam_g9.png

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8

    Base your answers to questions 9 on the diagram below, which represents a metabolic process, and on your knowledge of biology.

    organization and patterns in Life, organic and inorganic compounds fig: lenv82015-exam_g7.png

    9

    Base your answers to questions 10 on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.

    The Venus flytrap is a plant that uses specialized leaves in order to capture and digest small insects.

    ecology, energy flow and food web fig: lenv-v202-exam_g10.png

    10
    11

    Base your answer to question 12-16 on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.

    A student has a sandwich for lunch. The bread contains starch molecules and various other molecules. After chewing and swallowing some of the sandwich, the starch moves along the digestive system and is digested. The sequence below represents what takes place next.

    digested starch → bloodstream → cell → cell structure → ATP

    12-16

    Base your answers to questions 17 on the passage below and on your knowledge of biology.

    Our [Nitrogen] Fertilized World

    It is the engine of agriculture, the key to plenty in our crowded, hungry world. … …Enter modern chemistry. Giant factories capture inert nitrogen gas from the vast stores in our atmosphere and force it into a chemical union with the hydrogen in natural gas, creating the reactive compounds that plants crave. That nitrogen fertilizer – more than a hundred million tons applied worldwide every year – fuels bountiful harvests. Without it, human civilization in its current form could not exist. Our planet’s soil simply could not grow enough food to provide all seven billion of us our accustomed diet. In fact, almost half of the nitrogen found in our bodies’ muscle and organ tissue started out in a fertilizer factory.

    Source: National Geographic, May 2013

    17

    Base your answers to questions 18 on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.

    Enzyme Investigation

    An enzyme was isolated from digestive juices taken from the small intestine. An experiment was set up to test the ability of the enzyme to break down protein. Two test tubes, labeled A and B, were placed in a hot water bath at 37°C, human body temperature.

    Test tube A contained only protein and test tube B contained protein and the enzyme. The chart below shows the set-up.

    organization and patterns in Life, organic and inorganic compounds fig: lenv82017-examw_g24.png

    After two hours, the contents of both test tubes were analyzed. Test tube A showed only the presence of protein. Test tube B showed the presence of the end products of protein digestion, indicating the enzyme had successfully broken down the protein.

    18

    Base your answers to questions 19 on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.

    Folic acid is a type of vitamin that is essential for the normal growth and development of cells in the body. If a woman consumes folic acid in her diet before and during the earliest stages of pregnancy, it can help to reduce her baby’s risk for developing a type of birth defect called a neural tube defect. Early in pregnancy, the neural tube forms the brain and spinal cord. If the neural tube does not form properly, serious birth defects may result.

    19