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Entropy is a measure of*
Which phase change results in an increase in entropy?*
During which phase change does the entropy of a sample of H2O increase?*
The amount of randomness of the atoms in a system is an indication of the*
Which term is defined as a measure of the randomness of a system?*
Entropy is a measure of the*
Which term is defined as a measure of the disorder of a system?*
Given the balanced equation representing a reaction:
2H2O(ℓ) + 571.6 kJ → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
What occurred as a result of this reaction?*
Which equation represents a change that results in an increase in disorder?*
Systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward*
In terms of disorder and energy, systems in nature have a tendency to undergo changes toward*
Base your answers to questions 12 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
Fruit growers in Florida protect oranges when the temperature is near freezing by spraying water on them. It is the freezing of the water that protects the oranges from frost damage. When H2O(ℓ) at 0°C changes to H2O(s) at 0°C, heat energy is released. This energy helps to prevent the temperature inside the orange from dropping below freezing, which could damage the fruit. After harvesting, oranges can be exposed to ethene gas, C2H4, to improve their color.
Explain, in terms of particle arrangement, why the entropy of the water decreases when the water freezes.*
Base your answers to questions 13 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
Hydrazine, N2H4, is a compound that is very soluble in water and has a boiling point of 113°C at standard pressure. Unlike water, hydrazine is very reactive and is sometimes used as a fuel for small rockets. One hydrazine reaction producing gaseous products is represented by the balanced equation below.
N2H4(ℓ) → N2(g) + 2H2(g) + heat
Compare the entropy of the products to the entropy of the reactant for this reaction.*
Explain, in terms of particle arrangement, why a sample of solid NaCl has less entropy than a sample of aqueous NaCl.*
Base your answers to questions 15 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
The balanced equation below represents the reaction of glucose, C6H12O6, with oxygen at 298 K and 101.3 kPa.
C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) → 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(ℓ)
Compare the entropy of the reactants to the entropy of the products.*